飘天文学

第33章 塞尼卡福尔斯感伤宣言与决议 1（第1页）

TheSenecaFallsDeclarationofSentimentsandResolutions

伊丽莎白·凯蒂·斯坦顿

ElizabethCadyStanton

伊丽莎白·凯蒂·斯坦顿（1815—1902），美国女权运动的伟大领袖，1848年7月19日至20日，她与另外四位妇女筹划召开了一次会议，“讨论社会、公民、宗教状况和妇女的权利问题”。在斯坦顿的领导下，小组起草了一个模仿《独立宣言》的《感伤宣言》。大约100名妇女和男士聚会纽约的塞尼卡福尔斯，讨论、修改并接受了她们的《宣言》。比起普遍蔑视妇女权利，尤其是蔑视妇女投票权的舆论来，她们要进步得多。

AceintheHole

Understandthesenewwordsbeforeyoureadthisarticle。

1。destructiveadj。引起破坏（或毁灭）的；破坏

（或毁灭）性的

2。disfranchisementn。剥夺公民权

3。reeminentadj。卓越的，杰出的，超群的

4。assemblyn。集会，集合；集合的人们；立法机构，议会

1。DeclarationofSentiments

When，inthecourseofhumanevents，itbecomesnecessaryforoneortionofthefamilyofmantoassumeamongtheeoleoftheearthaositiondifferentfromthatwhichtheyhavehithertooccuied，butonetowhichthelawsofnatureandofnature’sGodentitlethem，adecentresecttotheoinionsofmankindrequiresthattheyshoulddeclarethecausesthatimelthemtosuchacourse。

Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident：thatallmenandwomenarecreatedequal；thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertaininalienablerights；thatamongthesearelife，libertyandtheursuitofhainess；thattosecuretheserightsgovernmentsareinstituted，derivingtheirjustowersfromtheconsentofthegoverned。Wheneveranyformofgovernmentbecomesdestructiveoftheseends，itistherightofthosewhosufferfromittorefuseallegiancetoit，andtoinsistuontheinstitutionofanewgovernment，layingitsfoundationonsuchrinciles，andorganizingitsowersinsuchform，astothemshallseemmostlikelytoeffecttheirsafetyandhainess。Prudence，indeed，willdictatethatgovernmentslongestablishedshouldnotbechangedforlightandtransientcauses；andaccordinglyallexeriencehathshownthatmankindaremoredisosedtosuffer，whileevilsaresufferable，thantorightthemselvesbyabolishingtheformstowhichtheyareaccustomed。Butwhenalongtrainofabusesandusurations，ursuinginvariablythesameobject，evincesadesigntoreducethemunderabsolutedesotism，itistheirdutytothrowoffsuchgovernment，andtorovidenewguardsfortheirfuturesecurity。Suchhasbeentheatientsufferanceofthewomenunderthisgovernment，andsuchisnowthenecessitywhichconstrainsthemtodemandtheequalstationtowhichtheyareentitled。Thehistoryofmankindisahistoryofreeatedinjuriesandusurationsontheartofmantowardwoman，havingindirectobjecttheestablishmentofanabsolutetyrannyoverher。

Now，inviewofthisentiredisfranchisementofone-halftheeoleofthiscountry，theirsocialandreligiousdegradation—inviewoftheunjustlawsabovementioned，andbecausewomendofeelthemselvesaggrieved，oressed，andfraudulentlyderivedoftheirmostsacredrights，weinsistthattheyhaveimmediateadmissiontoalltherightsandrivilegeswhichbelongtothemascitizensoftheUnitedStates。

Inenteringuonthegreatworkbeforeus，weanticiatenosmallamountofmisconcetion，misreresentationandridicule；butweshalluseeveryinstrumentalitywithinourowertoeffectourobject。Weshallemloyagents，circulatetracts，etitiontheStateandNationallegislatures，andendeavortoenlisttheulitandtheressinourbehalf。WehoethisConventionwillbefollowedbyaseriesofConventionsembracingeveryartofthecountry。

2。Resolutions

Whereas，thegreatrecetofnatureisconcededtobe，that“manshallursuehisowntrueandsubstantialhainess”，BlackstoneinhisCommentariesremarks，thatthislawofNaturebeingcoevalwithmankind，anddictatedbyGodhimself，isofcoursesueriorinobligationtoanyother。Itisbindingoveralltheglobe，inallcountriesandatalltimes；nohumanlawsareofanyvalidityifcontrarytothis，andsuchofthemasarevalid，derivealltheirforce，andalltheirvalidity，andalltheirauthority，mediatelyandimmediately，fromthisoriginal；therefore，

Resolved，thatsuchlawsasconflict，inanywaywiththetrueandsubstantialhainessofwoman，arecontrarytothegreatrecetofnatureandofnovalidity，forthisis“sueriorinobligationtoanyother”。

Resolved，thatalllawswhichreventwomanfromoccuyingsuchastationinsocietyasherconscienceshalldictate，orwhichlaceherinaositioninferiortothatofman，arecontrarytothegreatrecetofnature，andthereforeofnoforceorauthority。

Resolved，thatwomanisman’sequal—wasintendedtobesobytheCreator，andthehighestgoodoftheracedemandsthatsheshouldberecognizedassuch。

Resolved，thatthewomenofthiscountryoughttobeenlightenedinregardtothelawsunderwhichtheylive，thattheymaynolongerublishtheirdegradationbydeclaringthemselvessatisfiedwiththeirresentosition，northeirignorancebyassertingthattheyhavealltherightstheywant。

Resolved，thatinasmuchasman，whileclaimingforhimselfintellectualsuerioritydoesaccordtowomanmoralsuerionty，itisreeminentlyhisdutytoencouragehertoseakandteach，asshehasanoortunity，inallreligiousassemblies。

Resolved，thatthesameamountofvirtue，delicacyandrefinementofbehaviorthatisrequiredofwomaninthesocialstate，shouldalsoberequiredofman，andthesametransgressionsshouldbevisitedwithequalseverityonbothmanandwoman。

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